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Mapping Soil Erosion Prevention Using an Ecosystem Service Modeling Framework for Integrated Land Management and Policy

机译：使用生态服务模型框架进行土地侵蚀综合防治的土地侵蚀测绘

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Current spatially explicit approaches to map and assess ecosystem services are often grounded on unreliable proxy data based on land use/cover to derive ecosystem service indicators. These approaches fail to make a distinction between the actual service provision and the underlying eco-system capacity to provide the service. We present an integrative conceptual framework to estimate the provision of soil erosion prevention by combining the structural impact of soil erosion and the social–ecological processes that allow for its mitigation. The framework was tested and illustrated in the Portel municipality in Southern Portugal, a Mediterranean silvo-pastoral system that is prone to desertification and soil degradation. The results show a clear difference in the spatial and temporal distribution of the capacity for ecosystem service provision and the actual ecosystem service provision. It also shows that although the average actual ecosystem service provision in the region is sufficient to mitigate the existing structural impact, vulnerable areas can be identified where significant soil losses are not mitigated at present. This becomes more significant when comparing different land management intensities. Considering these results, we argue that the general assumption that there is an almost direct relation between the capacity for ecosystem service provision of a given area and the actual ecosystem service provision is wrong. We also discuss how the framework presented here could be used to support land management and policy, and how it can be adapted for other regulating services
机译：当前在空间上绘制和评估生态系统服务的显式方法通常基于不可靠的代理数据，该数据基于土地使用/覆盖来推导生态系统服务指标。这些方法无法区分实际的服务提供和提供服务的潜在生态系统能力。我们提出了一个综合的概念框架，通过将土壤侵蚀的结构影响和可以缓解土壤侵蚀的社会生态过程相结合，来估计土壤侵蚀预防措施的提供。该框架已在葡萄牙南部的Portel自治市进行了测试和说明，Portel自治市是地中海的林牧系统，容易发生沙漠化和土壤退化。结果表明，生态系统服务提供能力与实际生态系统服务提供能力的时空分布存在明显差异。它还表明，尽管该区域平均实际提供的生态系统服务足以缓解现有的结构影响，但可以确定目前尚未减轻大量土壤流失的脆弱地区。当比较不同土地管理强度时，这一点变得更加重要。考虑到这些结果，我们认为在给定区域提供生态系统服务的能力与实际生态系统服务之间存在几乎直接关系的一般假设是错误的。我们还将讨论本文介绍的框架如何用于支持土地管理和政策，以及如何使其适应其他监管服务

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